Fluid-tractor.



J. M. KING.

FLUID TRACTOR. APPLICATION FILED APR.27. 1912.

1,153,798. m Patented Sept. 14, 1915. a

4 m Z4- 41.5 g 9 j; 6' J6 7 amw Q%M@m927 COLUMBIA FLANOGRAPM (IO-,WABHINGTON. D. 4:v

FLUID-TRACTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 14,1915.

Application filed April 27, 1912. Serial No. 693,566.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Josnrri MARION KING, a citizen of the United States, residing at Jacksonville, in the county of Duval and State of Florida, have invented certain new. and useful Improvements in Fluid-Tractors, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing. V

This device particularly is adapted to use with the exhaust-conduits of internal-combustion engines, but it also is applicable to the exhaust-conduits of other motors and to other conduits within which fluid flows under pressure.

It is an object of the invention to utilize the energy present in exhaust or other fluids to do the following: to produce a flow of liquid, and to induce flow of spentvfluids from an engine in such manner that the efii. ciency of the engine is increased. With these results in view, the device is formed and arranged in such manner that exhaust or other fluids, as gases from an internalcombustion engine, entering it as amotive medium will'be so affected or modified that partial vacuums will be created, whereby there is produced a flow of fluid distinct from the motive medium, as water of a cooling-jacket, and whereby the source of the motive medium is relieved .to a considerable extent of atmospheric and other back pressures-and the tendency of the motive medium to flow from the source will be increased. Further, the changes taking place in the motive medium'will reduce materially the sound ordinarily caused by emission of exhaust fluids from engines.

When read in connection with the description herein, the details of construction and arrangement of parts will be apparent from the accompanying drawing, forming part hereof, wherein an embodiment of the invention susceptible of use with internalcombustion engines is disclosed, for purposes of illustration.

While a preferred form of the invention is shown herein, and described as when used with an engine, it is to be understood that it merely is illustrative of the principles of the invention, that. the parts can be variously organized and adapted for use with other conduits supplying fluids, within the limits prescribed by the claims hereinafter, without departing from the nature and spirit of the invention, and that it is'not the.

intention to be limited necessarily to the precise delineation herein in interpretation of the claims.

Like reference-characters refer to corresponding parts in the views of the drawing, of which Figurel is an exterior view of the device;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional'view; F ig.

3 is a transverse sectional view, on the line 3-3, Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional.

view, on the line 4-4, Fig. 2; and Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view, on the line 55, Fig. 2.

Having more particular reference to the drawing, 6 designates an outer casing or shell, preferably circular in cross-section, and contracted at each end, as shown at 7 and 8.. l/Vithin. the, casing and extending from one contracted portion to the other is an inner casing'9, which, with the. contracted portions of the outer casing, constitutes a continuous exhaust-conduit from end to end of the device. The annular space between the outer and inner casings, designated by 10, constitutes a cooling-j acket, which is sup,

plied with liquid, suchv as water, from any suitable source and by any suitable means, through an inlet 11 in the outer casing.

Near the receiving end 7 of the device is a transverse conduit 12 opening to the cooling-jacket at opposite places in the inner casing, and from this conduit there extends toward the exit end a conduit 13 centrally positioned with respect to the device. Secured to conduit 13, and constituting a continuation thereof, is a member 14, preferably cylindrical, which at its free end has inwardly-projecting lugs 15 screw threaded attheir free ends. These lugs are supports for a dispersing and valve-supporting member 16, which is held in place by engagement of its intermediate threaded portion 17 with the threaded ends of the lugs. The member 16 is tapered or generally cone shaped at each end, and one end portion extends beyond the member 14 toward the exit,

end 8, and the other lies wholly within member 14 and has at its end a cylindrical portion 18. Situated within the passage leading from the transverse conduit 13, which passage is formed by members 13 and 14, and adjacent to member-13, is a seat 19, with which a valve 20 cooperates to close the' passage. A stem 21 of the valve projects into member 16 at its cylindricalend, wherebythevalve is supported, and the valve is retained resiliently on its seat by a coilspring 22 interposed between the valve and member 16. The constructionand arrange ment are such that the valve opens under fluid influence exerted in direction of the exit endof the device and closes under p positively-exerted influence.

A threaded flange 23 extends from the end portion 8 of the casings, and thereon is screwed a cap member 24., having an outlet portion;25 constituting a portionv of'the longitudinal passage throughout the device. At the exit end of the inner casing 9 there is 'a seat26, with which an outwardly-opening valve 27 cooperates to close the passage in Y the casing against atmospheric pressure, the

valve being susceptible of- .opening under the influence of fluid pressure in the inner cas- The valve 1s supported by having amg. stem 28 project into a frame 29 positioned in the cap member, and thevalve is held resiliently on its seat by a coil-spring 30 interposed between the valve and'frame.

It will be seen that the" device isso formed and arranged that there is acontinuous longitudinal passage from end to end, and that the valve 27 is in direct line of longitudinalmovement or impulse of fluids moving or having a tendency to move in, into, or out of the. passage.

In use the receiving end of the device is connected with a conduit leading from the exhaust port or ports of an engine, the distering the device under initial pressure, and they pass out at the discharge end,'the valvecharge end is connected with an exhaustdisposal conduit, and'the cooling-jacket is connected at the inlet 11 with a-liquid-supply conduit. In actual practice, the device,

when thus associated with an internal-combustion engine, has operated to produce a satisfactory flow of liquid through the cooling-jacket and to increase materially the speed of the engine. I

Following is an explanation of the actions of and within the device, which is given asillustrative of the principles of the invention The exhaust or pressure fluids from an engine pass through the inner casing 9, en

27 opening due to the inertia of the moving mass of fluids. The check-valve 20 prevents is a rebound or tendency of theatmosphere' to flowinto thedevice. Back flowof air is prevented bythe valve 27 closing against mospheric pressure, and the engine thereby is relieved of the'nece ssity of initially over 7 coming atmospheric pressure on the next exhaust impulse. When'exhaust fluids pass through the device, they usually are of two or more atmospheric pressures, and they force out, when the engine is started, whatever air there is in thedevice and the exhausteconduitsfl .Vfhen the exhaust-fluids enter the inner casing, thereare animme- .diate subsidence .in volume resulting from the lowering oftemperature due to contact with cooler parts and a tendencyof the atmosphere to flow in to fill the partial vacuum caused by such subsidence. air is prevented by closing of valve 27] on account .ofthe rebound effect mentioned or by both that and the subsidence. It is found in practice that atmospheric pressure closes valve 27' prior to completion of a cycleof exhaust. The partial'vacuum, therefore, is effective to, induce flow from theexhaust source and-therebynot only initially to relieve the engineof the effect of atmospheric pressure, but also to produce a F pull of fluids therefrom; and it also is "effective on fluids within the cooling-jacket. That is,

there is a tendency of fluids to flow not only from the exhaustsource, but also from the cooling-jacket, and under this tendencythe valve20 opens anda flow of liquid induced from the, jacket. In this manner water may be drawn from the cooling-jacket of the en.-

Back flow of,

glue, or from any other desired source, as

from the bilge of a boat,-for example, and discharged outwardly of the device with the exhaust fluids.

About tliree-sevenths of the product'of combustion of a mixture of airand, gasolene or similar. fuels used in the operationof internal-combustion engines is water in an. at-- tenuated orgaseous form.i As water from the cooling-jacket flowsxout of member 14:, it isdi-flused or dispersed by the tapered projectingencl oiimember 16,.and thus the;

impulses of exhaust fluids passthrough a water-bath-in their travel through'the inner. casing. That part ofthe exhaustfluids that;

is attenuated water or. steam thereby is liquelied, and there results a subsidence in volume in addition to thatf-incidentto reduction of temperature resulting from contact with cooled parts. Thus it will beseen that the exhaustand cooling fluids are subjected to a pull in addition to that occurring on initial movement of an exhaust impulse intothe device. ltis estimated that the reduction of exhaust volume resulting. from the waterbath is about three-sevenths. The remaining 7 gases, principally nitrogen, also are reduced in volume in consequent of liberationofheat.

on contact with water. Probably there is a i diflerence of 100 degrees centigrade infthe exhaust fluids between the engine exhaust-- ports and-the discharge end of the device, and that difference alone would cause a reduction in volume of about one-third the total volume of the exhaust, for it is estimated that 273 degrees centigrade of heat causes a gas to double in volume. Thus it will be seen how the device is effective to produce the results stated.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A device of the kind described having a mixing-chamber, in line of discharge through said chamber a valve permitting exit of fluids therefrom and closing in response to atmospheric pressure, a liquid-supply passage communicating with said mixing-chamber, and a valve positioned in line of flow from said passage and arranged to admit liquidtherefrom to said mixing-chamher and to close in response to fluid pressure in the opposite direction.

2. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage, a valve susceptible of opening under the influence of fluid pressure within the passage and of closing under the influence of atmospheric pressure,

a liquid-supply conduit leading into said said passage in the path of exhaust fluids therein.

3. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage, a valve susceptible of opening under the influence of fluid pressure within the passage and of closing under the influence of atmospheric pressure, a liquid-supply conduit leading into said passage, a valve arranged topermit flow of liquid from said conduit and to prevent flow of fluids in the opposite direction in said conduit, and a member having a tapered end in the path of flow of liquid from said conduit whereby liquid is diffused in said passage in the path of exhaust fluids therein.

4. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage, a valve susceptible of opening under the influence of fluid pressure within said passage and of closing under the influence of atmospheric pressure, a liquid-supply conduit and a conduit member communicating therewith and projecting longitudinally into said exhaust-passage, means whereby liquid from said conduit member is diffused in said passage in the path of exhaust fluids therein, and a valve arranged to permit flow of liquid from said conduits into said passage and to prevent flow of fluids in the opposite direction in said conduits.

5. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage, a liquid-supply conduit and a conduit member communicating therewith and projecting longitudinally into said exhaust-passage, means whereby 7 liquid from said conduit member is diffused in said passage in the path of exhaust fluids therein, and a valvearranged to permit flow of liquid from said conduits into said passage. and to prevent flow of fluids in the opposite direction in said conduits.

6. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage, a liquid-supply conduit and a conduit member communicating therewith and projecting longitudinally into said exhaust-passage, a member sup ported by said conduit member and having a tapered end in the path of flow of liquid therefrom whereby liquid is diffused in said exhaust-passage in the path of exhaust fluids therein, and a valve arranged to permit flow of liquid from said conduits into said exhaust-passage and to prevent flowof fluids in the opposite direction in said conduits.

7 A device of the kind described having therein'an exhaust-passage, a valve susceptible of opening under the influence of fluid pressure within said passage and of closing under the influence of atmospheric pres sure, a liquid-supply conduit and a conduit member communicating therewith and projecting longitudinally into said exhaust-passage, a member supported by said conduit member and having a tapered end projecting longitudinally therefrom whereby liquid is diffused in said passage in the path of exhaust fluids therein, and a valve arranged to permit flow of liquid from said conduits into said passage and to prevent flow of fluids in the opposite direction in said conduits.

8. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage, a liquid-supply conduit and a conduit member communicating therewith and projecting longitudinally into said passage, a member supported by said conduit member and arranged to diffuse liquid therefrom into the path of exhaust fluids in said passage, and a valve supported by said diffusing member and an ranged to permit flow of liquid from said conduits into said passage and to prevent flow of fluids in the opposite direction in said conduits.

9. A device of the kind described having therein an exhaust-passage, a valve susceptible of opening under the influence of fluid pressure within said passage and of closing under the influence of atmospheric pressure, a liquid-supply conduit and a conduit member communicating therewith and projecting longitudinally into said passage, a member supported by said conduit member and arranged to diffuse liquid therefrom into the path of exhaust fluids in said passage, and a valve supported by said diffusing member and arranged to permit flow of liquid from said conduits into said passage and to prevent flow of fluids in the opposite direction in said conduits.

10. A device of thekind described having therein an exhaust-passage, a liquid-supply conduit and a conduit member communicating therewith and'projecting longitudinally into said passage, a member supported by said conduit member and arranged to difl'use liquid therefrom: into thewpath of exhaust fluids in said passage, and a valve having a stem projecting into said diflusing member and arranged to permit flow of I liquid from said conduits into said passage and to prevent flow of fluids in the opposite direction in said conduits.

.11. A device of the kind described having therei n an exhaust-passage, a valve susceptible of opening under the influenceof fluid pressure within said, passage and of closing under-the influence of atmospheric pressure,

aliquid-supply conduit and a conduit member icominunicating therewith and projecting longitudinally into said passage, a member supported by said conduit membeiuand arstituting an exhaust-passage, there being a cooling-space'between said casings having a liquid-supply inlet thereto, a valve susceptible of opening under the influence of fluid pressure within said passage and of closing under the influencefof atmospheric pressure, .a liquid-suppl'y conduit leading from said cooling-spaoeinto said passage, and a valve: arranged to permit flow of liquid from said conduit into said passage and to prevent flow of fluids in the opposite vdirection.

, 13. A device of the. kind described comprising an outer casing, an inner casing con stitut ng an exhaustpassage,therejbe ng a liquid-supply inlet thereto, a, transverse conduit opening tovsaid cooling-space at opposite vplaces in said inner casing, a conduit extending therefrom. longitudinally into said passage, and a valve arranged to per- 'mit flow of liquid from said conduitsinto said passage and prevent flow of fluids in v the opposite direction.

14. A device of the kinddescribed comprising an outer caslng, an inner casing constituting an exhaust-passage, there being a cooling-space between sald casings having a' liquid-supply inlet thereto,-a valve susceptible of opening'under the influence of fluid pressure within said passage and of closing under the influence of atmospheric pressure,

' a transverse conduit opening to said coolingspace at opposite places in said inner cas ing, conduit extending therefrom longia tudinally of said passage, and a valve ar-.

ranged to, permit flow of liquid from said cooling-space between said casins hav ng a w conduits into said passage and to prevent v flow of fluids in the opposite direction.

In testimonywhereof I afllx my signature in presence of two itnesses.

i JOSEPH MARION ING. Witnesses: I V i '7 G; B. MABLY,

.F K- P SHLE I Copies of this patent niay be obtained forfive cents each, by addressing-the f (3011iinissioner of lPateiits,

Washington, D.- G. n 

